History by century
19th Century historical figures
Explore historical figures who lived in the 19th Century. Read concise biographies, learn key facts, and play a quiz focused on this collection.
People connected to 19th Century
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178 figures
Mahatma Gandhi
Independence leader
Marie Curie
Physicist & chemist
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Harriet Tubman
Abolitionist & humanitarian
Te Puea Hērangi
Māori leader
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Winston Churchill
Statesman & Prime Minister
Albert Einstein
Theoretical physicist
Charles Darwin
Naturalist & biologist
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Vladimir Lenin
Revolutionary & head of government
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Ho Chi Minh
Revolutionary & statesman
José Rizal
Writer & nationalist
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Founder & President of Turkey
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Golda Meir
Prime Minister of Israel
Jawaharlal Nehru
Prime Minister of India
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Haile Selassie
Emperor of Ethiopia
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Jomo Kenyatta
First President of Kenya
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Abraham Lincoln
16th President of the United States
Sitting Bull
Hunkpapa Lakota leader
Susan B. Anthony
Social reformer & suffragist
Benito Juárez
President of Mexico
Kate Sheppard
Suffragist
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Edmund Barton
First Prime Minister of Australia
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Theodore Roosevelt
26th U.S. President
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Franklin D. Roosevelt
32nd U.S. President
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Ulysses S. Grant
18th U.S. President & Civil War general
Queen Victoria
Queen of the United Kingdom
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Nicholas II
Emperor of Russia
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Emmeline Pankhurst
Suffragette leader
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Emperor Meiji
Emperor of Japan
Emiliano Zapata
Revolutionary & guerrilla leader
Billy the Kid
Outlaw & gunfighter
Jesse James
Outlaw & gang leader
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Al Capone
Gangster
Ned Kelly
Bushranger
Babe Ruth
Baseball player
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Woodrow Wilson
28th U.S. President
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Dwight D. Eisenhower
34th U.S. President & WWII general
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Harry S. Truman
33rd U.S. President
Thomas Edison
Inventor & businessman
Francisco Franco
Dictator of Spain
Joseph Stalin
Dictator of the Soviet Union
Benito Mussolini
Dictator of Italy
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Adolf Hitler
Dictator of Nazi Germany
Ada Lovelace
Mathematician & writer
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Srinivasa Ramanujan
Mathematician
Niels Bohr
Physicist
Alexander Graham Bell
Inventor & engineer
Nikola Tesla
Engineer & inventor
Gustave Eiffel
Civil engineer
James Clerk Maxwell
Physicist & mathematician
Wright Brothers
Aviation pioneers & engineers
Claude Monet
Painter
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Vincent van Gogh
Painter
Pablo Picasso
Painter & sculptor
Friedrich Nietzsche
Philosopher & writer
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Henry Ford
Industrialist & engineer
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Isambard Kingdom Brunel
Civil & marine engineer
John A. Roebling
Civil engineer
Michael Collins
Revolutionary & statesman
Alfred Nobel
Chemist & inventor
Taras Shevchenko
Poet & artist
Simon Kimbangu
Religious leader
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D. S. Senanayake
First Prime Minister of Ceylon
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Juan Perón
President of Argentina
Menelik II
Emperor of Ethiopia
Hōne Heke
Māori chief
Reza Shah
Shah of Iran
Ruhollah Khomeini
Supreme Leader of Iran
Pancho Villa
Revolutionary general
Crazy Horse
Lakota war leader
Getúlio Vargas
President of Brazil
Rafael Trujillo
Dictator of the Dominican Republic
John A. Macdonald
First Prime Minister of Canada
Jorge Luis Borges
Writer
Diego Rivera
Muralist
Geronimo
Apache leader
Gregor Mendel
Biologist and friar
Louis Pasteur
Chemist and microbiologist
Yaa Asantewaa
Ashanti queen mother and military leader
Frédéric Chopin
Composer and pianist
Giuseppe Verdi
Opera composer
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Composer
Duke Ellington
Jazz pianist and composer
Carlos Gardel
Tango singer and composer
Guglielmo Marconi
Inventor and electrical engineer
Rudolf Diesel
Inventor and mechanical engineer
Wilhelm Röntgen
Physicist
Dmitri Mendeleev
Chemist
Georg Cantor
Mathematician
Carl Benz
Automotive engineer
Manuel L. Quezon
President of the Philippines
Ibn Saud
Founder and King of Saudi Arabia
Porfirio Díaz
President of Mexico
Lázaro Cárdenas
President of Mexico
Robert Baden-Powell
Founder of the Scout Movement
Tomáš Masaryk
Founding President of Czechoslovakia
Rani Lakshmibai
Queen of Jhansi
Tewodros II
Emperor of Ethiopia
Leopold II of Belgium
King of the Belgians
Albert Luthuli
Anti-apartheid activist
Max Planck
Theoretical physicist
Wolfgang Pauli
Theoretical physicist
Erwin Schrödinger
Theoretical physicist
Anna Pavlova
Ballet dancer
Andrés Segovia
Classical guitarist
José Martí
Writer and independence leader
Antonio Maceo
Independence general
Augusto César Sandino
Revolutionary leader
Eloy Alfaro
President of Ecuador
Rafael Reyes
President of Colombia
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
President of Argentina
Antanas Smetona
President of Lithuania
Konstantin Päts
President of Estonia
Kārlis Ulmanis
Prime Minister of Latvia
Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim
Military leader and President of Finland
Urho Kekkonen
President of Finland
Fridtjof Nansen
Explorer and humanitarian
Roald Amundsen
Polar explorer
Sigmund Freud
Founder of psychoanalysis
Carl Jung
Founder of analytical psychology
Jim Thorpe
Multi-sport athlete
Aristide Briand
Statesman
Coco Chanel
Fashion designer
Frank Lloyd Wright
Architect
Le Corbusier
Architect and urban planner
Antoni Gaudí
Architect
Oscar Wilde
Writer and playwright
Virginia Woolf
Writer
Andranik
Military commander
Garegin Nzhdeh
Military commander and statesman
Ilia Chavchavadze
Writer and nationalist leader
Kurmanjan Datka
Tribal leader
Abai Qunanbaiuly
Poet and philosopher
Boris III of Bulgaria
Tsar of Bulgaria
Vasil Levski
Revolutionary
Georgi Dimitrov
Leader of Bulgaria
Ismail Qemali
Founder of modern Albania
Zog I
King of Albania
Josip Broz Tito
Leader of Yugoslavia
Nikola Pašić
Statesman
Abdullah I of Jordan
Founding ruler of Jordan
Riad Al Solh
Founding statesman of Lebanon
Ernest Rutherford
Physicist and chemist
Peter Fraser
Prime Minister of New Zealand
Michael Joseph Savage
Prime Minister of New Zealand
Āpirana Ngata
Statesman and Māori leader
Whina Cooper
Māori rights leader
John Curtin
Prime Minister of Australia
Robert Menzies
Prime Minister of Australia
Grey Owl
Writer and conservationist
David Ben-Gurion
Founding Prime Minister of Israel
Chaim Weizmann
First President of Israel
Theodor Herzl
Father of modern political Zionism
Levi Eshkol
Prime Minister of Israel
Emmy Noether
Mathematician
Lise Meitner
Nuclear physicist
Emilio Aguinaldo
First President of the Philippines
Andrés Bonifacio
Revolutionary leader
Pridi Banomyong
Prime Minister of Thailand
Chulalongkorn
King of Siam
Corrie ten Boom
Resistance member and writer
Fabre Geffrard
President of Haiti
Cipriano Castro
President of Venezuela
Antonio Guzman Blanco
President of Venezuela
Liliuokalani
Queen of Hawaii
George Washington Carver
Agricultural scientist & inventor
Elijah McCoy
Engineer & inventor
Garrett Morgan
Inventor & businessman
Elisha Otis
Industrialist & inventor
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Frances Perkins
US Secretary of Labor
Samory Toure
Founder of the Wassoulou Empire
Behanzin
King of Dahomey
Hastings Banda
President of Malawi
Mubarak Al-Sabah
Ruler of the Sheikhdom of Kuwait
Ratu Seru Cakobau
King of Fiji
Jon Sigurdsson
Leader of the Icelandic independence movement
Milan Rastislav Stefanik
Slovak politician, aviator & astronomer
Robert Schuman
French statesman & founder of European integration
Konrad Adenauer
First Chancellor of West Germany
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